The next evolution of AACT 425 will likely include a module on . As the EU phases down R1234yf due to PFAS concerns, manufacturers are moving to CO2, which operates at 10x the pressure (over 1,800 psi) of standard refrigerants.

If you meant a different AACT 425 (e.g., a certification, standard, or code), tell me which and I’ll adapt.

But if you want to be the technician that the local dealership calls when a $120,000 EV has no heat in a blizzard, or the engineer who designs the next generation of efficient battery cooling—.